The thyroid gland is the largest gland in the neck. Shaped like a butterfly with two "wings" that represents the "lobe" right and left of glands in the trachea, rather below the Adam's apple.
Both hormones are released into the bloodstream and transported throughout the body in order to improve the control of cellular activity and metabolism, such as converting oxygen and calories into energy. "Every cell in the body depends on thyroid hormone for the regulation of metabolism. Thyroid hormone also helps maintain body temperature, "Imam said in a press conference the International Thyroid Awareness Week 2011 some time ago.
Thyroid deficiency
One cause of goiter or thyroid disease most often in the world is iodine deficiency. The thyroid gland can not produce enough thyroid hormone, without enough iodine. To overcome, in Indonesia, these substances usually found in materials such as salt. If the deficiency of iodine, the pituitary gland releases TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to increase production.
Overstimulation in a long time, can result in enlarged thyroid gland.
Imam said, the symptoms of hypothyroidism (thyroid deficiency), such as weakness, lethargy, difficulty thinking, and sleepiness continues. Weakens the body's metabolism. These symptoms are often not realized.
Thyroid deficiency in pregnant women in a long time the baby is born suffered hypothyroid. If late intervention, the baby will be disrupted brain growth.
Head of Sub Directorate of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Control Ministry of Health Tjetjep Ali Akbar said, to produce a bright young generation, the government plans to conduct screening of thyroid levels in pregnant women starting in 2014. This was done through a blood test to look at levels of TSH.
Excess thyroid
Excess thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism) due to Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease. In this case, the immune system produces thyroid simulating protein immunoglobulin (TSI) which resembles TSH. TSI also stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormone and causing goiter.
In patients, the body's metabolism will increase. Patients are often too hot, tired at night, trouble sleeping, shaking hands, and irregular heartbeat.
Therapy is done by 'radioactive iodine', thus shrinking goiter. Hyperthyroidism can be caused by impaired secretion of TSH by a gland in the brain.
Enlargement of the thyroid gland may also be due to benign and malignant tumors (cancer). Therefore, thyroid function tests necessary to ensure the activity of the thyroid gland. If the thyroid gland enlarges evenly and place of hyperthyroidism, the doctor will proceed with Graves' disease tests. In case of hypothyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis possibility. To be sure, can do a blood test. Another way through the scan, thyroid ultrasound, fine needle aspiration or biopsy.
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