Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer

Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer | Patients with bowel cancer can be cured, if the malignancy is detected early. Conventional examinations, such as blood tests and digital rectal cryptic, but it can detect cancer at an advanced stage. Now introduced a technique that can detect the examination of these early cancers.

Colon cancer (colorectal carcinoma) is a malignancy that occurs in the colon to the rectum. Time is slowly growing cancer, 15-20 years old.

"When detected early, patients recover very big possibility," said the expert in hematology oncology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia (medicine), W Sudoyo Aru, in the gathering of colon cancer patients in Jakarta, Saturday (14/5).

According to him, as much as 95 percent of cases of colon cancer can be treated if found early by testing and detailed examination. Unfortunately, this has not happened in Indonesia. The majority of patients diagnosed with colon cancer for treatment when already advanced stage. More than 50 percent of cancer patients are not aware of the disease and find out too late.

According to Ibrahim Basir, abdominal surgeon of the Faculty of medicine, there are early symptoms that can be used for early detection of colon cancer, among other weight loss accompanied by a change in bowel habits or bloody bowel movements.

Other symptoms include diarrhea or constipation without apparent cause more than six weeks, had pain in the back of the abdomen, bloating, or stomach still feels full even after a bowel movement.

"Most people who experience these symptoms, do not want to see a doctor. They also do not want digital rectal examination that considered shameful, "he said.

In fact, this ways is the simplest way to diagnose colon cancer.

Early detection

Digital rectal examination done to determine the presence of polyps in the hole expenditure, as well as to detect abnormalities in the prostate. Blood tests performed in the laboratory on stool samples of patients, to detect the presence of blood from polyps.

Barium enema examination, which include liquid barium into the large intestine through the rectum and identified by X-rays. This examination can detect cancers and polyps in the amount exceeding 1 cm.

Recently introduced biomolecular examination for colon cancer, the patient's stool sample, the test tumor M2-PK (M2 pyruvates kinase), which is a marker (biomarker) of metabolic tumor.

These marker genes are found E Eigenbrodt from Germany in 1992, then developed Schebo Biotech. On examination measured the metabolic activity of colon tumors at an early stage.

"This method can detect polyps or adenomas that do not bleed," said Adityawati Ganggaiswari, biomedical experts from Indonesia Cancer Foundation.

DNA testing clinics will be open YKI in Lebak Bulus, Jakarta. Rate of Rp 200,000. Examination of M2-PK in stool samples of patients will be conducted in the laboratories of the Kalbe Farma, said Adityawati.

In addition to the ICF, there are two hospitals in Jakarta who provide it.

Worldwide, deaths from "colon cancer" approximately "608 000 people." This amount, reaching 8 percent of all cancer deaths, and the fourth type of cancer that causes death. Nearly 60 percent of cases are found in developing countries, including Indonesia.

Likes Eating Fish, Minimize Risk of Colon Cancer

Likes Eating Fish, Minimize Risk of Colon Cancer | There is good news for fans of fish consumption. A recent study indicates, people who love to eat fish may have a lower risk of colon and rectal cancer.

This finding is an analysis of the results of 41 previous studies that have linked the consumption of fish in the diet and new diagnoses and deaths from colorectal cancer.

"People who rarely eat fish during this, would likely benefit health in many ways, after they increased the number of fish consumption, such as reducing the risk of heart disease, reproductive, and now colon cancer," said Dr. Michael Gochfeld, from the University of Medicine and Demtistry, New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School.

It is not yet known whether the benefits would be greater if the quantity of fish consumed is more.

Although this new study focused specifically on the consumption of fresh fish, the authors noted they could not determine what kind of fish should be consumed or how to serve it, since in previous studies is not explained.

However, according to Liang Dr.Jie of Xijing Hospital of Digestive Disease in Xi'an, China, which involved researching, said cooking temperature may affect the risk of colorectal cancer. He said there is evidence to suggest the consumption of meat and fish grilled or baked with high heat associated with cancer risk.

Assessment of Research

In his latest findings, Liang and colleagues collected data from 41 research studies that have previously been published between 1990 and 2011 that measure the amount of fish consumption and cancer diagnosis. The study includes a number of studies from the United States, Norway, Japan, Finland, and other countries.

Overall, regular fish consumption may lower a person's risk in kolorektar cancer, and death due to cancer by 12 percent.

Beware, Dental X-rays Can Trigger Brain Tumor

Dental X-rays Can Trigger Brain Tumor | For those of you who frequent dental check using x-ray, should be wary. A recent study in the United States, published on 10 April 2012 in 'journal Cancer' indicates, they often undergo X-rays of the teeth have a greater risk of tumors in the head commonly called a meningioma cancer.

These tumors grow on the inner lining of the skull. Most growing slowly, but they can cause problems and can even be deadly, if it begins to put pressure on the brain.

In his study, scholars from Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass., make the observation of two methods of radiation (x-ray) is called a "bitewing" and Panorex.

The research involved nearly 3,000 adults aged 20-79 years, about half (1433 people) among those diagnosed with tomor. Researchers found that patients often undergo radiation x-ray or dental X-rays in the area associated with a higher risk of developing cancer.

Specifically, patients who have had a Panorex checks once a year or more, have a risk 2.7 to 3 times greater meningoma cancer, depending on age, rather than people who have never done this x-ray. While participants who had X-rays "bitewing" at least annually, the risk is 1.4 to 1.9 times greater with meningioma cancer.

Meningioma is a tumor of the membranes that cover the brain, which is more common in women than men, especially in the age of 50-60 years. But, most meningiomas are benign.

Study author Dr. Elizabeth Claus, said although the patients with dental problems currently getting a lower radiation exposure than in the past, but the researchers asked the dentist and patient to consider when and why it is necessary X-rays.

"I hope this research will help to raise awareness about the optimal use of dental x-rays," he said.

Guidelines from American Dental Association says, kids can get a one-time exposure every 1 or 2 years; for teenagers once in the period from 1.5 to 3 years, while adults can get the exposure once in three years 2-3.

Meanwhile, Michael Schulder, vice chairman of the department of neurosurgery of Cushing Neuroscience Institute, is not surprised by these findings.

"The possibility of tumor in patients undergoing dental radiation is low. However, dentists and patients should consider again that too much radiation each year, unless there are symptoms in dental patients who really need radiation," he concluded.

Estrogen Levels Can Help Detect Lung Cancer

Estrogen Levels Can Help Detect Lung Cancer | Researchers have long known that tobacco smoke is a cause of lung cancer number one. However, recent findings show that estrogen may also play a role on disease.

This is not the first type of cancer associated with estrogen because this hormone is also known to increase breast cancer and other gynecological cancers.

The new research was presented at the Annual Meeting 'AACR 2012' by the scientists at Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia.

If estrogen levels are high, may indicate that the person is more vulnerable to lung cancer or have a worse prognosis.

"We are confident that levels of toxic metabolites of estrogen can later be useful in predicting risk or prognosis lung cancer in a person," said the researcher.

To investigate, Jing Peng, a partner in the laboratory Margie L. Clapper, PhD, examined the lungs healthy mice and found that the lung contains high levels of estrogen metabolites are known as 4-hydroxy estrogen (4-Ohe) and are carcinogenic.

Specifically, 4-Ohe help enable the process to enhance cell growth and generates free radicals that can damage cells.

When researchers expose tobacco smoke for 8 weeks in mice, researchers found that levels of 4-Ohe have increased.

"We believe that these estrogen metabolites can damage cells and contribute to lung cancer," Clapper said as quoted by Science Daily, Wednesday (04/04/2012).

Female mice have a number of 4-Ohe doubled in the lungs, compared with control male rats after estrogen levels in total performed. However, whether this condition will also occur in humans remains to be investigated.

"When lung cancer is more common for women, the number of passive smokers or non-smoker who developed lung cancer actually occurs more frequently men than women," said Clapper.

In the future, Peng and Clapper hope these results will help researchers develop new therapies that target the estrogen metabolism as a way to treat or prevent lung cancer. [detik.com]

One of Processing Food Can Trigger Cancer

One of Processing Food Can Trigger Cancer | About 90 percent of colon cancers are caused intake of foods containing carcinogenic substances. Cancer-causing substances arising from food processing wrong way.

According Adityawati Ganggaiswari, biomedical experts from Indonesia Cancer Foundation (ICF), the seminar "Improving the Quality of Life Ostomate" on Saturday (31/3), in Jakarta, the use of inorganic substances in foods as preservatives, colorings, flavorings and ingredients known to trigger cancer cell .

How to cook the wrong way can cause carcinogenic compounds in food. "For example, red meat that is burned too mature will lead to carcinogenic substances, heterocyclic amine compounds," said Adityawati. Fried potatoes with a high temperature will contain acrylamide can cause cancer.

Cancer can be triggered by the habit of eating foods high in fat and low in fiber. Similarly, smoking habits, less exercise, and sitting for long periods can lead to colon cancer.

Signs the appearance of polyps in the form of the cell malignancies that spread from the colon to the rectum.

Ostoma

The presence of cancer in the digestive tract is not easy to know at an early stage. Therefore, most patients present to physicians in an advanced stage.

This leads to colon cancer is the fourth ranked cause of cancer death. According to data from the ICF, 60 percent or more than 360,000 cases of colon cancer per year are found in developing countries, including Indonesia.

In the treatment of colon cancer, often had to do the cutting and making ostoma intestine (feces spending hole) in the abdomen. According to the Chairman of YKI Nila Moeloek, the number of people with ostoma increased.

YKI through the Indonesian Ostomy Association (InOA), which stood on March 23, 2000, should improve health care and assistance for people with bags of excrement ostoma free. In recent years, stalled because of Australia's aid to help InOA should also help other developing countries.

Nila expect support from donors in the country to purchase medical equipment.

Currently, to prevent the manufacture ostoma, Benny said Philippi, surgeon of the ICF, a technique developed sphincter ani. With this surgical technique, polyps can be taken at a time near the anus anus which is a function of the nerve centers is maintained.

How, among others, performed the injection needle radiation in polyps. Thus, smaller polyps to disappear. (Yun)

HPV Vaccination Not Popular

HPV Vaccination Not Popular | The majority of cervical cancers caused by human papilloma virus. To prevent, HPV vaccination. Although it can prevent 70 percent incidence of cervical cancer, vaccination has not been popular.

Cost prohibitive to be one cause. Vaccinations need to cost Rp 600,000-Rp 1.2 million is provided three times, ie at month 0, 1, and 5.

It was raised Rasjidi Imam, an obstetrician gynecologist MRCCC Hospital, Saturday (31/3), in Jakarta, the surgical book, 100 Questions and Answers on Women's Cancer and Radiotherapy Guidelines on Malignancy Gynecology. Other speakers were Dharmais Hospital radiologist, Fielda Djuita.

Cancer is the leading killer of women in Indonesia, especially cervical cancer and breast cancer. World Health Organization (WHO) notes, there are 490 000 girls got cervical cancer each year. Of that total, 240,000 people died. As many as 80 percent of cases occur in developing countries. In other words, in the world, every two minutes occurred one death from cervical cancer every one minute and there were new cases.

In Indonesia, there are 15,000 new cases each year and 8,000 of them died.

"Seventy percent of patients with cervical cancer comes in stages, so the survival rate (survival rate) is low and the cost of expensive treatments," said Imam.

He said 70 percent of cervical cancers caused by infection with HPV type 16 and type 18. HPV is transmitted through sexual contact.